Vertical Piles Versus Inclined/Battered/Raked Piles ...
2017-11-28 · Abstract. Compared to vertical piles (Fig. 14.1), inclined/battered/raked piles (Fig. 14.7) generally have higher horizontal stiffness, mainly due to the fact that inclined piles provide partial horizontal resistance from their axial capacity, and the axial stiffness due to pile–soil interaction is normally higher than that along the lateral pile direction (perpendicular to the piles ...
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